The impact of preschoolers' screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic on their family characteristics, anxiety/withdrawal, and learning strategies was the subject of this investigation. The research involved 764 caregivers of 3- to 6-year-old children from nine preschools in Wuhan, China, the initial point of the pandemic. The average caregiver age was 5907 months (standard deviation = 1228 months), composed of 403 males and 361 females. Using path analysis, the study scrutinized the link between family traits and children's screen time during the pandemic, focusing on the associations between screen time and children's anxiety/withdrawal and their learning strategies. Interactive screen use, particularly tablet play, was associated with increased anxiety/withdrawal in children, while positive learning behaviors were less frequent. Surprisingly, the children who spent more time on passive screen activities, like watching television, displayed decreased anxiety and withdrawal tendencies. In addition, children's screen time displayed a relationship with family traits; children from families characterized by more disorder and fewer screen time limitations increased their screen time following the pandemic. Research indicates that the pandemic period may have seen negative impacts on young children's learning and well-being, potentially stemming from their frequent use of interactive screens such as tablets and smartphones. In order to reduce the potential for negative outcomes, it is imperative to control preschoolers' screen time by establishing guidelines for their interactive screen use and improving the household routines associated with overall screen time.

The mental process of reliving and narrating past events is termed reminiscence. The correlation between reminiscence activities and cognitive and emotional outcomes arising from trauma is a subject of limited scholarly inquiry. Employing an adult sample, this study sought to broaden the scope of prior literature by exploring the frequency of various reminiscence types during the COVID-19 pandemic, and their connections to the probability of developing post-traumatic growth (PTG) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In sum, 184 individuals, with an average age of 3038 and a standard deviation of 1095, completed the Reminiscence Functions Scale. This measured their motivations for sharing experiences during the initial two phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. To assess the impact of the first two COVID-19 waves, participants completed the COVID-Transitional Impact Scale, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory, Revised Form of The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. see more Pro-social and self-positive reminiscences were observed significantly more frequently than self-negative reminiscences, according to the results. Still, the differences between the situations were eradicated when the COVID virus was effectively managed. Reminiscence, characterized by pro-social and self-positive elements, significantly predicted post-traumatic growth, factoring out demographic influences, COVID-19 impacts, social support, and resilience. Only self-critical reflections on personal experiences, exceeding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and demographic variables, correlated with PTSD. In addition, a serial mediation analysis suggested that prosocial reminiscence's connection to perceived social support and resilience, in turn, predicted post-traumatic growth (PTG). Biosafety protection Our research indicates that interventions akin to reminiscence therapy can foster post-traumatic growth and reduce post-traumatic stress disorder following widespread disasters such as pandemics.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, front-line nurses endured a level of mental distress and severe sleep deprivation that was without precedent. This study investigated the connection between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and sleep quality, while exploring whether psychological flexibility acts as a mediator between these two factors. A study involving 496 nurses from a large-scale, Class 3A Chinese hospital utilized an online cross-sectional survey to collect data on the revised Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R), Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms, as predicted, were negatively correlated with both psychological flexibility and sleep quality, while psychological flexibility demonstrated a positive relationship with sleep quality. Moreover, psychological flexibility partially mediates the relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and sleep quality, suggesting implications for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and insomnia, and potentially impacting clinical and psychotherapeutic interventions.

The contemporary working landscape frequently sees the lines between work and personal life become increasingly blurred, leading to significant spillover effects and negatively impacting employee recovery processes and overall well-being. Although emerging, research indicates that the processes affecting the leadership-wellbeing connection have not been sufficiently investigated. The primary focus of this research, therefore, was to expand our knowledge regarding the connection between leadership styles and employees' integration of work and non-work aspects of their lives, encompassing their well-being. Only longitudinal research provides the necessary context to adequately examine these processes. To the best of our understanding, no existing review can guide longitudinal investigations into the connection between leadership and employee well-being, particularly concerning spillover and recovery mechanisms. Employing the PRISMA Extension for scoping reviews, we synthesize 21 identified studies narratively to map the research terrain. This research presents three main contributions. Firstly, we introduce an integrated resource-demand based process framework, expanding the established leadership-employee well-being relationship by incorporating spillover and recovery effects. Following this, we identify and categorize the theoretical foundations utilized and evaluate the existing research gaps. Third, we provide a listing of the issues arising from the application of methodologies and their potential solutions to further the development of research in this area. pediatric oncology Data from various studies reveal a dominant negative conflict perspective in work-nonwork research, markedly distinct from the emphasis placed on positive leadership styles, outnumbering those focused on negative aspects. The investigated mechanisms are sorted into two major categories: those that encourage or obstruct and those that safeguard or intensify. The research findings also emphasize the significance of personal energy resources, thus necessitating a greater focus on theories that incorporate emotional aspects. The importance of representative research is highlighted by the substantial presence of working parents in the IT and healthcare sectors. In the pursuit of advancing future research, we offer recommendations, both from a theoretical and methodological perspective.

This investigation, conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic, compared the psychological journeys of those who were unemployed and those who maintained employment. The system used insights from two previous data sets, one containing information about unemployed individuals, and a second containing details on working individuals, to reach its findings. Pairs were formed from the two datasets, ensuring participants had the same gender, comparable ages, and equivalent educational levels. From the analyzed sample of 352 participants, 176 were unemployed and 176 were employed individuals. To gauge the psychological future, the Future Time Orientation Scale and the Life Project Scale were instrumental. The sample of unemployed individuals proved to be a perfect fit for both scales, exhibiting metric invariance regardless of their occupational status. The model's partial scalar structure attained a good fit after the intercept constraints were removed for one item per scale. Contrary to the proposed hypothesis, a comparison of employed and unemployed individuals revealed no difference in the assessed metrics of their projected psychological futures. On the other hand, certain variables showed even greater rates among individuals without employment. The section below outlines the encountered challenges and surprising results.
The supplementary material associated with the online version is located at 101007/s12144-023-04565-6.
The online document's additional material is linked through 101007/s12144-023-04565-6.

The research aimed to explore the direct and indirect relationship between student school involvement, the learning atmosphere within the school, and parenting approaches on the manifestation of externalizing behaviors among youth. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 183 Portuguese students, whose ages ranged from 11 to 16 years. The major outcomes suggested a reverse relationship between externalizing behaviors and elevated levels of school engagement and a positive school atmosphere. A positive link was observed between externalizing behaviors and poor parental supervision, inconsistent discipline, and corporal punishment, while the presence of parental involvement and positive parenting methods was linked to lower levels of externalizing behaviors. Although other parenting methods yielded positive results, negative approaches were linked to a reduction in student involvement in school. Importantly, the results underscored that parenting practices could play a role in shaping adolescent externalizing behaviors, interacting with their engagement in the educational environment.

The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on social interaction and physical activity, and its possible correlation to adolescent game usage and associated health risks, are investigated in this study. In Seoul, 225 middle school students and an equal number of high school students participated in an online survey, which spanned the period from October 1st to 30th, 2021. The study sought to quantify participants' game usage level and ascertain their health-related risk behavior index.